Konversi Tongkol Jagung Menjadi Bio - Oil Dengan Bantuan Katalis Zeolit Alam Secara Pyrolysis

Abstract

Bio-oil is obtained from corn cobs  (Zea mays  L.)    biomass by using pyrolisis process with a
natural zeolite catalyst ratio between the sample and catalyst. This research was conducted by using a
pyrolysis reactor, 500 ml of thermo-oil (silinap) are fed into the reactor pyrolisis . Then the pyrolisis
process is started by flowing the nitrogen gas 1.35 mL / sec into the reactor and  pyrolisis process is
aloowing run 3 hours. In order to get the maximum yield of bio-oil, there were determined the affect of
ratio variation between biomass and catalyst (50:1, 50:2 and 50:3 g), and variation of pyrolysis
temperaturec(270, 300 and 330o
C). as a comperison the pyrolysis process without a catalysthas done.
The result of this research, the higher yield of bio-oil is 84,9% which obtained under condition ratio a
sample and a catalyst 50:2 g, and a pyrolysis temperature 330o
C. Based on the result of characterized of
bio-oil, density is 0.899 g / ml , 7.133 cSt viscosity , acid number 0.097 g NaOH / g sample , and the flash
point 54 º C. Based on the results of GC-MS analysis showed that the dominant component in the bio-oil
by using 2 grams of natural zeolite and 330o
C are Cyclohexane,1-ethyl-1-methyl 15.96 %; pentan ,2,2,4,
4 tetramethyl 5.78%; 1-pentene, 2,4,4  –  trimethyl 5.78%; 2,3,4,4-trimethyl-pentene 4.99% and 2-
pentene,2,4,4-trimethyl 2.44 %.

Key Word : Bio-oil, Corn Cobs, Natural Zeolite, Pyrolisis.