FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT KEPATUHAN PASIEN HIPERTENSI DALAM MINUM OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI

Abstract

Ketidakpatuhan pasien hipertensi berdampak pada keadaan yang semakin memburuk dan menimbulkan komplikasi
akibat karena tekanan darah tidak terkendali yang akan menyebabkan hipertensi berlangsung lama dan berat. Kepatuhan
pasien minum obat dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor
yang mempengaruhi tingkat kepatuhan pasien dalam meminum obat antihipertensi di Puskesmas Rejosari. Penelitian
deskriptif kuantitatif bersifat korelasi menggunakan cross sectional. Penentuan sampel 98 responden menggunakan
rumus slovin dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Pengukuran menggunakan
kuesioner MMAS-8, dukungan keluarga dan peran tenaga kesehatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan
yang signifikan antara usia, pendidikan, status pekerjaan, lama pengobatan, peran tenaga kesehatan dan dukungan
keluarga berhubungan dengan kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi (pvalue<α=0,05), untuk jenis kelamin tidak
berhubungan dengan kepatuhan minum obat (pvalue=0,76>α=0,05). Faktor usia, pendidikan, status pekerjaan, lama
pengobatan hipertensi, peran tenaga kesehatan, dan dukungan keluarga harus diperhatikan karena mempengaruhi
kepatuhan pasien dalam minum obat antihipertensi. Faktor yang berperan besar yaitu tenaga kesehatan karena dapat
menumbuhkan kesadaran pasien akan komplikasi yang ditimbulkan jika tidak meminum obat antihipertensi.
Kata Kunci : Antihipertensi, kepatuhan, hipertensi, minum obat.

Abstract

Hypertensive patients who are non-compliant in taking their medication could make the hypertension state to become
prolonged and severe, giving rise to complications due to uncontrolled blood pressure. Compliance in taking
medication was influenced by internal and external factors. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the
level of patient compliance in taking antihypertensive medication at the Rejosari Community Health Center, namely
age, gender, education, employment, length of treatment, the role of health workers, and family support. This research
was a descriptive quantitative correlational research using cross sectional. Determining the sample of 98 respondents
used the Slovin formula with a non-probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling type that met the
inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis used the chi square test. The measurements used the MMAS-8
questionnaire, family support and the role of health workers. The results of the study showed that there was a
significant relationship between the variables age, education, employment status, duration of treatment, the role of
health workers and family support related to adherence to taking antihypertensive medication (p value < α=0.05) while
for the gender variable this was not found. significant relationship with the variable compliance with taking
antihypertensive medication (p value = 0.76 > α=0.05). The factors age, education, employment status, duration of
hypertension treatment, the role of health workers, and family support must be considered because they influence the
level of compliance of hypertensive patients in taking antihypertensive medication. The factor that plays a big role is
health workers because they can raise patient awareness of the complications that can arise if they do not take
antihypertensive medication.
Keywords: Antihypertensives, compliance, hypertension, taking medication.