Pirolisis Kayu Ketapang (Terminalia Catappal) Menjadi Bio-Oil Dengan Katalis Mo/Lempung Cengar

Abstract

The demand for renewable energy to adequate human energy continue to increase. Currently, the main energy source in the world is a fossil fuel. So, we need alternative energy instead of petroleum. Biomass can be used as a bio-oil by pyrolysis. The wood can be used as raw materials of bio-oil is not a superior product and its rapid growth, these requirements exist in ketapang tree (Terminalia catappa L.).The purpose of this research is to make bio-oil from ketapang tree using a catalyst Mo/clay by pyrolysis process, as well as test physical properties of the bio-oil, and to determine the effect of variation the carrier of the catalyst metal catalyst weight variations against of biomass. In this research ketapang tree by the size of -100+200 mesh, 50 grams, 500 ml silinap and catalyst Mo / clay inserted into of pyrolysis reactor. This process conducted at a temperature 320oC and the stirring speed of 300 rpm operate for about 120 minutes by flowing nitrogen gas. For the optimum yields obtained at 1.5% catalyst Mo/clay as much as 7% of biomass that is equal to 70,35%. The test results physical properties obtained density of 1.005 g/ml, 2.14 cSt viscosity, acidity 46.17 mg NaOH /g sample and the flash point 49oC. Results of analysis compound chemical using GC-MS, obtained the dominant chemical components in the bio-oil is Methyl 2-Hydroxybutyrate (16,79%); Methyl acetate (5,66%); 1-hydroxy-,2-Propanone (12,96%) ; Acetic acid (31,53%).
Keywords: biomass, bio-oil, catalyst mo/clay, ketapang,Terminalia Catappa, pyrolysis