Produksi Bioetanol Dari Pati Sorgum Dengan Variasi Penambahan Tween 80 Dan Waktu Fermentasi

Abstract

Energy consumption is increasing steadily with the population growth and industrial development. Therefore, a substitute should be found. Bioethanol has been pointed out as a
solution for variety complex problems related to energy and environmental issues. Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench] is considered to be a viable and renewable feedstock for
bioethanol production because it high starch contains. The use of tween 80 as a growth supplement can help alter the substrate structure and make it more accessible to enzim, thus
can improve bioethanol yields. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation was used to produce bioethanol from sorghum starch using commercial alpha amylase and
glucoamylase. The fermentation were done in a 2 L bioreactor in batch mode (T = 20-300C; pH = 4,5). The variabel studied were fermentation time (24, 48, 72 and 96 h) and tween 80
(7,5 and 10 ml/l). Bioethanol concentration were analyzed using Gas Ghromatography. The optimum amount of tween 80 to be added was 10 ml/l, which result the highest bioethanol
yield 8,74 g/l in 96 h of fermentation.
Keywords : bioethanol, tween 80, sorghum starch, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation.