Pirolisis Tandan Kosong Sawit Menjadi Bio-Oil Menggunakan Katalis Mo/NZA

Abstract

Fuel oil is a very important requirement in life. The fuel used for this comes from crude oil extracted from the ground, while fuel oil is non-renewable, so for the next few years is expected the public will experience a shortage of fuel. So, we need alternative energy instead of petroleum. Biomass can be used as bio-oil by pyrolysis. Biomass using such as empty fruit bunches oil. Empty Fruit Bunch Oil is organic waste that has the potential to be used as a
substitute fuel bioenergy, the largest waste generated by oil palm plantations. The purpose of this study is to produce bio-oil from empty fruit bunches of oil using catalysts Mo/NZA the pyrolysis process, as well as determine the effect of the ratio of the catalyst of biomass empty fruit bunches of oil to the yield of bio-oil produced from empty fruit bunches of oil and determine the characteristics of the chemical and physical properties of bio -oil produced from oil palm empty fruit bunches. In this research Empty Fruit Bunch Oil by the size of - 100+200 mesh, 50 grams, 500 ml silinap and catalyst Mo/NZA inserted into of pyrolysis reactor. This process conducted at a temperature 320oC and the stirring speed of 300 rpm operate for about 120 minutes by flowing nitrogen gas. For the optimum yields obtained at 1.5% catalyst Mo/NZA as much as 5% of biomass that is equal to 56.28%. The test results physical properties obtained density of 1.005 g/ml, 2,296 cSt viscosity, acidity 45,373 mg NaOH /g sample and the flash point 52oC. Respectively the characterization of the chemical properties of bio - oil using Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectroscopy (GC - MS) obtained some dominant chemical components such as:: (Pentane, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-), (1-Pentene, 2.4 , 4-trimethyl-), (Cyclohexane, 1-bromo-4-methyl), (Hexane, 2,2-dimethyl-), (Pentane, 2,4- dimethyl-).
Keywords: bio-oil, biomass, catalyst mo / NZA, oil palm empty fruit bunches