PENANGANAN KASUS PELANGGARAN HAM TERHADAP MINORITAS MUSLIM UIGHUR DI TIONGKOK OLEH OHCHR

Abstract

The Uighur conflict talks about discrimination, restrictions, torture and other human rights violations against the Uighur Muslim minority in Xinjiang. The Uighurs are basically proto-Turkic ancestors who since the 6th century have inhabited the Central Asian region and lived side by side with kingdoms in the past such as the Mongol Empire, the Kingdom of India, and Chinese dynasties. Initially, Xinjiang was referred to as the East Turkestan region, that is, the name for the area that has strong Turkish influence. In the past, the Uyghur Dynasty and China had good relations, until the conflict started when China entered the Qing Dynasty era. Since Emperor Zuo Zontang led the Qing dynasty, he attempted to invade the East Turkestan region. Then, the conflict has continued between the Uyghurs and China to this day. The OHCHR (High Commissioner for Human Rights) took part in the upheaval of the conflict that occurred in Xinjiang, because of its function as a special agency in protecting international human rights. This study uses a regime approach perspective. Where the regime approach analyzes the influence of international organizations on other actors, especially countries and analyzes how effective the existence of an international organization is in solving problems that occur in a country, as well as knowing what the international organization produces. Furthermore, this study uses the theory of International Organizations, where through this theory the authors analyze the three main functions of international organizations according to the perspective of Harold K. Jacobson which consist of informative functions, role-creating functions, role-supervisory functions and how OHCHR carries out these three functions as an international organization that works specifically in the field of human rights in responding to cases that occurred in Xinjiang. The results of the study indicate that OHCHR has carried out its function as an international organization that is engaged specifically in the field of International Human Rights in accordance with three main functions according to Harold K. Jacobson, namely the informative function, the role-creating function and the role-supervisory function based on the provisions contained in International Law, Human Rights Instruments, and the International Declaration on the protection of human rights for minorities against all forms of discrimination.

Key words: Human Rights, Uyghur, Xinjiang, OHCHR, China, Human Rights Instruments